Project
ČESKÝ KRUMLOV GARDEN
- WMF Program:Field Project, 1996 Watch
- Keywords:Baroque, gardens, rococo, World Heritage Site
- Period of Significance:1550–1575
- Site Types:Cultural Landscape, Public Architecture
The Český Krumlov gardens lie between the imposing castle of the 18th-century Schwarzenburg princes and the surrounding Bohemian town, connecting the Gothic castle to the cobblestone streets and colorful houses below. The gardens themselves, originally landscaped in 1550, contain an eclectic mix of styles with French baroque planting beds, Italian neoclassical influences, and architectural elements taken from Hapsburg Vienna. Though initially created to be purely decorative, for some time part of the land was used to grow fruits and vegetables. The gardens’ evolution was finalized in 1752, when rococo features were added to the plan. They have remained intact since that point, drawing tourists to their many terraces, grand staircases, and water displays. Despite their popularity, the gardens were not maintained or properly cared for in the second half of the 20th century. Pollution in the air had dramatically deteriorated many of the sculptural elements, and the water supply system had ceased to function.
WMF placed the Český Krumlov gardens on the Watch in 1996 and provided a grant to fund the documentation and reconstruction of the Cascade Fountain. This four-tier fountain is the centerpiece of the garden, flanked by two grand staircases that curve to follow its contours. Neptune and the water gods, carved in stone, recline in the middle of the highest basin. In 1996, the entire structure was unsound due to sliding foundations and eroding shell limestone. Because of problems with the pipes, water had not run in the fountain for over 15 years. It was determined that many of the original statues had been damaged beyond repair by pollution; they were moved inside and sculptors began work on replicas for the garden. WMF and the Czech Ministry of Culture oversaw the dismantling, repair, and complete reconstruction of the Cascade Fountain. The project was finished in late 1998, and the fountain functions today.
Český Krumlov is one of the largest and most valuable examples of a chateau garden in the Czech Republic and indeed all of Central Europe. The gardens are a visual collage of history, demonstrating the course of landscaping and architectural development with their assortment of styles. The sculptural deterioration at Český Krumlov helped raise awareness of the danger of pollution for historical preservation, which the Czech government has committed to addressing.




