The Citadelle Henry in northern Haiti was constructed between 1806 and 1820, during the reign of Henry Christophe, a leader of the successful slave rebellion that led to independence from France, and self-appointed president of the “State of Haiti.”
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The Citadelle Henry in northern Haiti was constructed between 1806 and 1820, during the reign of Henry Christophe, a leader of the successful slave rebellion that led to independence from France, and self-appointed president of the “State of Haiti.”
The previous ruler, Jean-Jacques Dessallines, also active in the Revolution, commissioned the fortress as part of a system of defensive fortifications throughout Haiti to protect the island from French retaliation. Perched at 3,000 feet (910 meters), the Citadelle Henry was the keystone of this network.
The 108,000-square-foot (10,000-square-meter) complex was designed to house up to 5,000 people for one year, and is the largest fortress in the Western Hemisphere. The feared French attack never came, and the citadel was eventually abandoned.