In 1770, an international competition was held for the creation of a statue of King Joseph I of Portugal, based on drawings prepared by Eugenio dos Santos.
King Manuel I erected a large monastery close to the site where Henry the Navigator had built a church dedicated to Santa Maria de Belém in the fifteenth century.
At the end of the 15th century, King D Joáo II of Portugal commissioned the Tower of Belém as part of a tripartite defensive network to protect the port of Lisbon.